Telugu literature Wikipedia. Telugu literature or Telugu Pandityam Telugu is the body of works written in the Telugu language. It consists of poems, novels, short stories, dramas and puranas. Telugu literature can be traced back to the early 1. Prabandha Ratnavali11. Jain Telugu literature during 8. AD followed by 1. Mahabharata was first translated to Telugu from Sanskrit by Nannaya. It flourished under the rule of the Vijayanagara Empire, where Telugu was one of the empires official languages. Telugu split from Proto Dravidian between 1. BC. Telugu became a distinct language by the time any literary activity began to appear in the Tamil land, along with Parji, Kolami, Nayaki and Gadaba languages. Telugu is a Dravidian Language native to India. EAMCET_1.jpg' alt='Telugu Medium Text Books Pdf' title='Telugu Medium Text Books Pdf' />SourceseditThere are various sources available for information on early Telugu writers. Among these are the prologues to their poems, which followed the Sanskrit model by customarily giving a brief description of the writer, a history of the king to whom the book is dedicated, and a chronological list of the books he published. In addition, historical information is available from inscriptions that can be co related with the poems there are several grammars, treatises and anthologies that provide illustrative stanzas and there is also information available from the lives of the poets and the traditions that they followed. Subject mattereditEarly Telugu literature is predominantly religious in subject matter. Poets and scholars drew most of their material from, and spent most of their time translating epics, such as the Ramayana, the Mahabharata, the Bhagavata and the Puranas, all of which are considered to be storehouses of Indian culture. Telugu Language most of words are derived from Sangam literature. From the sixteenth century onwards, rarely known episodes from the Puranas would form the basis for the tradition of Telugu language kavya. Literary works drawn from episodes of the Puranas under the name Akhyana or Khanda became popular along with depictions of the fortune of a single hero under the title of Charitra, Vijaya, Vilasa and Abhyudaya. Such titles are examples of what would become the most common subject matter of poetry. In the eighteenth century, marriages of heroes under the title Parinaya, Kalyana and Vivha became popular. Religious literature consisted of biographies of the founders of religion, their teachings Sara as well as commentaries bhashya. Traditional Hindu knowledge systems such as astrology, law, grammar, ballets, moral aphorisms, and devotional psalms to deities within the Hindu pantheon are characteristics of more popular works of Telugu literature. The various forms of literature found in Telugu are Prabandham Stories in verse form with a tight metrical structure and they have three forms mentioned below. Prakhytam Famous story. Utpadyam Purely fictional story. Mishramam Mixed story. Telugu Medium Text Books Pdf' title='Telugu Medium Text Books Pdf' />Champu Mixture of prose and poetry. Kvyam Poem which usually begin with a short prayer called a Prarthana, containing initial auspicious letter Shri which invokes the blessings of the god. The occasion and circumstances under which the work is undertaken is next stated. Padya kvyam Metrical poetry. Gadya kvyam prose poetry. Khanda kvyam Short poems. Kavita Poetryatakam anthology Shatakam is a literary piece of art. The name derives from Shata, which means a hundred in Sanskrit. Shatakam comprises a hundred poems. Hence, a Shatakam is a volume book of hundred poems. Shatakams are usually devotional, philosophical or convey morals. 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Daaka anthology Dasakam or Dashakam comprises ten poems. Avadhnam Avadhanam involves the partial improvisation of poems using specific themes, metres, forms, or words. Navala Navala is a written, fictional, prosenarrative normally longer than a short story. Katha  Style of religious storytelling. Ntakam Drama. Naneelu Epigrams. Ashtadiggajas have written in all three of the Prabandham genres during the Prabandha yugam. Unit Trust Register Template. Telugu literature uses a unique expression in verse called Champu, which mixes prose and poetry. Although it is the dominant literary form, there are exceptions for example, Tikkana composed Uttara Ramayana entirely in verse. As Champu Kavyas and Prabandhas were beyond the comprehension of masses, new devices for the dissemination of knowledge among the people were developed in the form of the Dvipada and Shataka styles. Dvipada means two feet couplet and Shataka means hundred a cento of verses. Popular shatakas Sarveshvara shataka, Kalahastishvara shataka, Dasarathi ShatakaThere are some Shatakas which are divided into ten groups of ten verses called Dasaka which is adopted from Prakrit. Avadhanam is a literary performance popular from the very ancient days in Sanskrit and more so in Telugu and Kannada languages. It requires a good memory and tests a persons capability of performing multiple tasks simultaneously. All the tasks are memory intensive and demand an in depth knowledge of literature, and prosody. The number of Prucchakas can be 8 ashtavadhanam or 1. A person who has successfully performed Ashtavadhanam is called as Ashtavadhani, a shatavadhanam is called a Shatavadhani and sahasraavadhaanam is called Sahasravadhani. Authors crafteditPraudha Prabandha or Maha Kavya is considered as highest form of verse. The essentials of such a composition according to the Telugu poetic theory areaili Style The words chosen neither soft nor very musical but dignified Gambhira, Sweetness Madhurya, Grace and Delicacy Sukumara, Fragrance Saurabhya and Symphony. In choice of vocabulary, Vulgar language Gramya is avoided. Mould Refers to the embodiment of ideas in language, and the nature and texture of the language employed. There are three types of pakas namely. Drksha wine or grape Draksha is a crystal clear style where everything is seen through a transparent medium. Mostly Nannaiyah uses this mould. Kadali Plantain Kadali is complex paka because the soft skin has to peeled to reach the core of the subject. Mostly Tikkana uses this mould. Narikela coconut Narikela is the most difficult mould to employ because one has to break the rind to understand the idea. Vishnu Chittiyam or Krishnadevaraya are cast in this paka. Rasa Sentiment Rasa is the heart and soul of any Telugu poetry which follows rule or Sutram Vkyam Rastmakam Kvyam which means that the soul of a sentence is Rasa. There are nine Rasas, known as the Nava Rasas. A perfect kavyam uses all nine of these, namely HistoryeditEarly writerseditThe Pre Nannayya Period before 1. ADeditIn the earliest period Telugu literature existed in the form of inscriptions, precisely from 5. AD on wards. The Jain Literature Phase8. ADeditHistorically, Vemulawada was a Jain knowledge hub and played a significant role in patronizing Jain literature and poets. Vemulawada revealed and affirmed the existence of Telugu Jain literature between 8. AD. Malliya Rechana First Telugu Author 9. AD 1. 11. 21. Malliya Rechana has composed the first Telugu poetic prosody book Kavijanasrayam Pre Nannayya chandassu around 9. AD. This was a popular one and referred by many poets. There seems to be even an earlier prosody book by Rechanas guru Vaadindra Chudamani which is not available. Veturi Prabhakara Sastry in 1. Pre Nannayya Chandassu in Raja Raja Narendra Pattabhisekha Sanchika.